Machine Learning to Improve Energy Expenditure Estimation in Children With Disabilities

Introduction Accelerometry-based algorithms quantifying the energy estimation (EE) or calories-out of users and measuring physical activity of healthy populations are becoming popular in the consumer electronics market [,,]. Smartphone apps and devices such as Fitbit, Jawbone Up, Nike+ Fuelband, Microsoft Band, and Apple Watch use underlying accelerometer sensors and machine-learning algorithms developed on a pool of healthy adults to give real-time EE estimates. Many of these algorithms rely on fusing heart rate measurements with accelerometer readings. It is tempting to use similar algorithms to quantify the EE of children with disabilities. However, to the best of our knowledge, there has been limited effort to validate application of machine-learning–based EE algorithms for pediatric patients with muscular dystrophy. A better understanding of real-world community-level physical activity patterns and EE would lead to…


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