The Marriage of Artificial Intelligence and Patient Care

The Marriage of Artificial Intelligence and Patient Care When something is wrong we go to the doctor and we begin what is ideally a two-step process: diagnosis and therapy. Artificial intelligence (AI) will transform both aspects of health care by adding powerful new tools to the doctor’s bag. A range of diverse, compelling research projects around AI-driven diagnoses are underway. For example, an international community (including Google’s Brain project) competes in an annual challenge to correctly diagnose breast cancer in 400 expert-labeled microscopic images of biopsy samples. The best results so far? About 99 percent of the slides were identified correctly by a project from Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Another example is Google’s Deep Mind project, which has achieved 90 to 97 percent accuracy in diagnosing diabetic retinopathy. Importantly, the algorithm’s training required a huge medical effort to label the correct diagnosis for 128,000 retinal images. Asking the right questions In 2017, with today’s huge computational resources, and the growing availability of significant training sets, such algorithms perform within the variability of human medical experts. Before this capability has broad impacts however, more questions remain. Can such automated tools be deployed in a way that truly increases access…


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